面對(dui)日(ri)趨嚴格的(de)(de)環保政策和消費者對(dui)環保產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)需求，涂(tu)料(liao)行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)原材料(liao)供(gong)應(ying)商(shang)、生產(chan)(chan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)正圍繞水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)涂(tu)料(liao)等環保產(chan)(chan)品加(jia)快(kuai)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)轉型升級。甚至傳統(tong)涂(tu)料(liao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)都(dou)紛紛響(xiang)應(ying)國家綠色(se)環保的(de)(de)號(hao)召，大(da)力推動“油(you)改水(shui)”進程，雖然目(mu)前(qian)很多涂(tu)料(liao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)已經具(ju)備(bei)生產(chan)(chan)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)涂(tu)料(liao)的(de)(de)能力，并將(jiang)一(yi)(yi)系列的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品推出了(le)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)，雖然確實在(zai)環保的(de)(de)壓力下，很多企(qi)業(ye)(ye)都(dou)在(zai)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)涂(tu)裝的(de)(de)實驗(yan)工(gong)作，但是(shi)在(zai)目(mu)前(qian)的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)環境下，生產(chan)(chan)“假”水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆價(jia)(jia)格低廉，又有(you)(you)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)，更(geng)終會(hui)使(shi)創新企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)投(tou)入(ru)變成(cheng)負擔，失去競爭(zheng)優勢(shi)。長此以(yi)往企(qi)業(ye)(ye)自然不會(hui)投(tou)入(ru)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)研發費用，去做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)真正的(de)(de)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆。這樣(yang)(yang)就造成(cheng)了(le)劣幣驅除良幣，做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)“假”水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆才有(you)(you)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)，而做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)真的(de)(de)水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆沒有(you)(you)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)，就好比做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)老實人吃虧(kui)，只有(you)(you)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)耍滑(hua)的(de)(de)人才能吃飽飯(fan)的(de)(de)價(jia)(jia)值觀一(yi)(yi)樣(yang)(yang)，縱(zong)然會(hui)帶(dai)來(lai)整個行業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)惡性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)循環。水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)漆主要(yao)是(shi)用水(shui)來(lai)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)稀釋(shi)劑。RAL水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)油(you)漆生產(chan)(chan)廠家

近年來(lai)伴隨著經濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展，城(cheng)軌(gui)(gui)車輛(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)(qiu)也快速(su)增長。據市(shi)場部門統(tong)計，公(gong)司近3年城(cheng)軌(gui)(gui)車輛(liang)(liang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)數量超過(guo)5000輛(liang)(liang)，涂(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)不斷提(ti)升對(dui)環(huan)保(bao)的(de)(de)(de)壓力與日俱增。為(wei)此中國中車為(wei)應對(dui)生(sheng)態環(huan)境保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)嚴峻形勢，打好(hao)污染(ran)防(fang)治攻堅戰，要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)城(cheng)軌(gui)(gui)車輛(liang)(liang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)中必須提(ti)升涂(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)環(huan)保(bao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，嚴格控制VOC的(de)(de)(de)排放(fang)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)以(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)為(wei)稀釋(shi)劑，不含苯及(ji)苯的(de)(de)(de)衍(yan)生(sheng)物類等有機溶(rong)劑，具有良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)延展性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、透(tou)氣(qi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、耐(nai)老化性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、不易開裂脫落，對(dui)環(huan)境非常友好(hao)。其在軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)車輛(liang)(liang)上的(de)(de)(de)使用能(neng)(neng)從(cong)涂(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)前端減(jian)少涂(tu)料中的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)劑含量，是VOC減(jian)排的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)手段，有利于城(cheng)軌(gui)(gui)車輛(liang)(liang)環(huan)保(bao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)升。在涂(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)中用水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)替代目前普遍使用的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)劑型涂(tu)料，可(ke)以(yi)減(jian)少石油(you)能(neng)(neng)源資源浪(lang)費，降(jiang)低資源消(xiao)耗和(he)環(huan)境污染(ran)，解決(jue)了危害產(chan)(chan)(chan)業工(gong)(gong)(gong)人及(ji)周邊群眾(zhong)身體(ti)健康的(de)(de)(de)負(fu)面影響問題(ti)，以(yi)提(ti)升公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)競爭力，是公(gong)司制造能(neng)(neng)力提(ti)升的(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)表現。本文(wen)詳細介紹了軌(gui)(gui)道(dao)車輛(liang)(liang)涂(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)使用水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、涂(tu)層結構和(he)漆(qi)(qi)膜性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，系(xi)統(tong)分析了水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)特點、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)中遇到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)及(ji)解決(jue)措(cuo)施(shi)。防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)油(you)漆(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠直銷水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)油(you)漆(qi)(qi)有什么(me)優勢？

定義：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是以水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作為分(fen)(fen)(fen)散介質的(de)涂料(liao)(liao)。基(ji)本組(zu)成(cheng)為：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)樹脂+水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)+助劑(ji)+顏(yan)填(tian)料(liao)(liao)；水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)取代了(le)大部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)有機溶劑(ji)。根據水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)樹脂組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)不同(tong)(tong)，將水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)丙烯酸樹脂漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)聚(ju)氨酯漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環氧樹脂漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)；依據成(cheng)膜(mo)機理(li)可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為熱塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)熱固(gu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；從包裝(zhuang)形式不同(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為：單組(zu)份水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)雙組(zu)份水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；從施工層次可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為：封閉底漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、膩子、底漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、中(zhong)涂漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)面漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)；從應用基(ji)材的(de)不同(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為：建筑涂料(liao)(liao)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)木器漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)屬(shu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。根據防護等(deng)(deng)(deng)級的(de)不同(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)屬(shu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為：輕防腐(fu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)屬(shu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)防腐(fu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)屬(shu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)重防腐(fu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)金(jin)屬(shu)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)基(ji)本組(zu)成(cheng)為：水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)樹脂+水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)+助劑(ji)+顏(yan)填(tian)料(liao)(liao)油性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)漆(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)基(ji)本組(zu)成(cheng)為：溶劑(ji)型樹脂+有機溶劑(ji)+助劑(ji)+顏(yan)填(tian)料(liao)(liao)

水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆的(de)(de)成(cheng)膜(mo)物質是(shi)一種水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)的(de)(de)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪族(zu)聚氨脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，用(yong)各種助劑(ji)使(shi)其(qi)以(yi)細小顆(ke)粒狀(zhuang)態均勻(yun)分(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)在水(shui)(shui)(shui)中，因此(ci)能(neng)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)將(jiang)其(qi)稀釋。水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)高(gao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)只分(fen)(fen)(fen)散(san)于水(shui)(shui)(shui)，而(er)(er)不(bu)溶(rong)于水(shui)(shui)(shui)，干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)后水(shui)(shui)(shui)和部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)助劑(ji)揮(hui)(hui)發(fa)，那么余(yu)下的(de)(de)助劑(ji)就使(shi)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)高(gao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子鏈發(fa)生自交聯反(fan)應，形成(cheng)立(li)體的(de)(de)網狀(zhuang)結(jie)構，因此(ci)耐水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)好。溶(rong)劑(ji)型漆干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)過程中揮(hui)(hui)發(fa)的(de)(de)是(shi)有機溶(rong)劑(ji)，空氣(qi)里不(bu)含有有機溶(rong)劑(ji)，空氣(qi)中水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)多少不(bu)影響其(qi)干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)速(su)度(du)，而(er)(er)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)過程中揮(hui)(hui)發(fa)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要是(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，這樣空氣(qi)中水(shui)(shui)(shui)汽含量的(de)(de)大小會嚴(yan)重影響水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆中水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)向(xiang)空氣(qi)中的(de)(de)揮(hui)(hui)發(fa)速(su)度(du)，當空氣(qi)的(de)(de)相對濕(shi)度(du)較低時，水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)較快，反(fan)之較慢。根據水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)不(bu)同，將(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆分(fen)(fen)(fen)為：水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)丙烯酸樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)漆、水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)聚氨酯漆及水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)環氧樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)漆等；

水性環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)底(di)漆(qi)(qi)作為涂(tu)裝體系的(de)(de)一層(ceng)，直接與(yu)基(ji)材(cai)相連(lian)接，其附著力和(he)(he)防腐能力對整個涂(tu)層(ceng)的(de)(de)性能和(he)(he)質量影(ying)響較大(da)。因此水性環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)底(di)漆(qi)(qi)需具備優良的(de)(de)附著力、優異的(de)(de)耐化(hua)學(xue)品、防腐蝕性、良好(hao)的(de)(de)打磨性等。水性環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)底(di)漆(qi)(qi)施工時按質量比5:1（基(ji)料：固化(hua)劑）配制，混合(he)均勻后(hou)(hou)，分次加入去離子水，調(diao)整黏度(du)至30～50 s（T-4 杯），采取(qu)濕(shi)碰濕(shi)噴涂(tu)工藝噴涂(tu)兩(liang)道，層(ceng)間間隔10～20 in。噴涂(tu)完(wan)成(cheng)后(hou)(hou)在(zai)室溫下平0.5 ，再在(zai)60 ℃條件下烘烤2 h。漆(qi)(qi)膜干(gan)燥后(hou)(hou)，控(kong)制底(di)漆(qi)(qi)干(gan)膜厚度(du)40～80 μm。水性漆(qi)(qi)在(zai)硬度(du)上(shang)突破2H以上(shang)大(da)關。金屬水性油漆(qi)(qi)銷售廠家(jia)

基(ji)本組成為：水(shui)性樹脂+水(shui)+助劑(ji)+顏填料；水(shui)性漆用水(shui)取代了大部(bu)分有機溶(rong)劑(ji)。RAL水(shui)性油漆生產廠家

所(suo)謂(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)，就是(shi)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)溶劑(ji)或者作(zuo)分散(san)介質、不含有(you)(you)機(ji)溶劑(ji)的(de)(de)涂(tu)(tu)料。它(ta)包括水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶型、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稀釋(shi)(shi)型、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分散(san)型（乳膠漆(qi)(qi)）3種。簡單來(lai)(lai)說，只以清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)為(wei)稀釋(shi)(shi)劑(ji)而不需(xu)要添(tian)加其他稀釋(shi)(shi)成分的(de)(de)木(mu)器漆(qi)(qi)和(he)涂(tu)(tu)料。更(geng)通(tong)俗地講，就是(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)涂(tu)(tu)料是(shi)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)來(lai)(lai)調漆(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)漆(qi)(qi)在(zai)噴涂(tu)(tu)和(he)干燥過程中(zhong)(zhong)揮發(fa)的(de)(de)是(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，它(ta)的(de)(de)VOC排(pai)放非(fei)常(chang)少，因此非(fei)常(chang)環保。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)與油(you)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)更(geng)大(da)區別(bie)在(zai)于其主要組成成分及所(suo)用(yong)的(de)(de)稀釋(shi)(shi)劑(ji)不同。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)只需(xu)要純(chun)凈無雜(za)質的(de)(de)清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)為(wei)稀釋(shi)(shi)劑(ji)，而油(you)性(xing)漆(qi)(qi)主要是(shi)使用(yong)香蕉(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、天拿水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作(zuo)為(wei)稀釋(shi)(shi)劑(ji)。這些有(you)(you)機(ji)溶劑(ji)含有(you)(you)大(da)量的(de)(de)苯、二甲苯等(deng)有(you)(you)害物質，對(dui)大(da)氣(qi)有(you)(you)污染(ran)并易(yi)燃燒，在(zai)噴漆(qi)(qi)和(he)干燥過程中(zhong)(zhong)揮發(fa)到空氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)去，所(suo)謂(wei)對(dui)健康(kang)的(de)(de)威脅也就由此產生。RAL水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)油(you)漆(qi)(qi)生產廠家

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